Genesis 43

 

1 “And the famine was sore in the land. 2 And it came to pass, when they had

eaten up the corn which they had brought out of Egypt, their father said unto

them, Go again, buy us a little food.”  And the famine was sore (literally, was

heavy) in the land (of Canaan). And it came to pass (how long after the return of

Joseph's brethren cannot be determined, as the quantity of grain they brought or

the number that partook of it cannot possibly be estimated; but it may be reasonably

inferred that several months had elapsed since their arrival at Hebron), when they

had eaten up - literally, had finished to eat up, i.e. not nearly (Mercerus, Bush),

but entirely consumed - the corn which they had brought out of Egypt, - it is

probable that only Jacob's family partook of the Egyptian corn, the slaves

supporting themselves on roots, vegetables, and milk (Calvin, Rosenmüller,

Gerlach) - their father said unto them, Go again, buy us a little food. What

they could buy would be little in proportion to their needs.

 

3 “And Judah spake unto him, saying, The man did solemnly protest unto us,

saying, Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be with you.”

And Judah spake unto him, saying, - Judah now becomes the spokesman,

either because Reuben's entreaty had been rejected, and Levi, who followed

Reuben and Simeon in respect of age, had forfeited his father's confidence though

his treachery to the Shechemites (Keil, Murphy); or because he could speak to his

father with greater freedom, having a freer conscience than the rest (Lange); or

because he was a man possessed of greater prudence and ability than the rest

(Lawson), if indeed the suggestion is not correct that they all endeavored to

persuade their father, though Judah's eloquence alone is recorded (Calvin) –

the man (i. e. the Egyptian viceroy) did solemnly protest (literally, protesting

did protest, i.e. did earnestly protest) unto us, saying, - with an oath which is

not here repeated (ch. 42:15) - Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be

with you.

 

4 If thou wilt send our brother with us, we will go down and buy thee food:

5 But if thou wilt not send him, we will not go down: for the man said unto us,

Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be with you.”  If thou wilt send

literally, if thou art sending, i.e. if thou art agreeable to send (compare ch. 24:42, 49;

Judges 6:36) - our brother with us, we will go down and buy thee food: but (literally,

and) if thou wilt not send him (a similar form of expression to the above, the two

words יֵשׁ, being, and אַיִן, not being, including the substantive verb, and being

conjoined with a participle for the finite verb), we will not go down: for the

man said unto us, Ye shall not see my face, except your brother be with you.

Judah's peremptory language receives sufficient justification from the fact that

he believed the Egyptian governor to be in thorough earnest when he declared

that without Benjamin they should sue a second time in vain.

 

6 “And Israel said, Wherefore dealt ye so ill with me, as to tell the man whether

ye had yet a brother?”  And Israel said, - this is the second time that Jacob is so

designated in the history of Joseph, the first time being in ch. 37, which recites the

sad account of Joseph's disappearance from the family circle. The recurrence of

what may eventually prove another breach in the theocratic family is probably

the circumstance that revives the name Israel, which besides seems to prevail

throughout the chapter (see vs. 8, 11) - Wherefore dealt ye so ill with me, as to

tell the man whether ye had yet a brother! literally, whether yet to you a brother.

 

7 “And they said, The man asked us straitly of our state, and of our kindred,

saying, Is your father yet alive? have ye another brother? and we told him

according to the tenor of these words: could we certainly know that he

would say, Bring your brother down?”  And they said, The man asked us straitly

of our state, and of our kindred, saying, Is your father yet alive? have ye another

brother? Though not appearing in the preceding narrative of the historian

(ch. 42:13, 32), it must yet be held as accurate that the information given to

Joseph about Jacob and Benjamin was supplied in answer to direct inquiries,

since Judah afterwards gives the same account of it (ch. 44:19) when pleading

before Joseph in behalf of Benjamin. And we told him according to the tenor of

these words - literally, according to these words, i.e. either in conformity to his

questions (Ainsworth, Rosenmüller, Keil), κατὰ τὴν ἐπερώτησιν ταύτηνkata

taen eperotaesin tautaenwe just answered his questions (Septuagint), juxta id

quod fuerat sciscitatus (Vulgate), or like those words we have told thee (Kalisch).

Could we certainly know (literally, knowing could we know) that he would say,

Bring your brother down?

 

 

8 “And Judah said unto Israel his father, Send the lad with me, and we will

arise and go; that we may live, and not die, both we, and thou, and also our

little ones.  9  I will be surety for him; of my hand shalt thou require him:

if I bring him not unto thee, and set him before thee, then let me bear the

blame for ever:  10 For except we had lingered, surely now we had returned

this second time.”  And Judah said unto Israel his father, Send the lad with me

(Benjamin, though styled a lad, must have been at this time upwards of twenty

years of age), and we will arise and go; that we may (literally, and we shall) live,

and not die, both we, and thou, and also our little ones. I will be surety for him

(the verb conveys the idea of changing places with another); of my hand shalt

thou require him (see ch. 9:5): if I bring him not unto thee, and set him before

thee, - the words are even more emphatic than those of Reuben (ch. 42:37) –

then let me bear the blame for ever - literally, and I shall be a sinner (i.e. liable

to punishment as a sinner) against thee all the days (of my life). The thought is

elliptical. Judah means that if he does not return with Benjamin he shall both

have failed in his promise and be guilty of a dire transgression against his

father (compare I Kings 1:21). For except we had lingered, surely now we had

returned this second time - literally, these two times. The nobility of character

which shines out so conspicuously in Judah's language is afterwards signally

illustrated in his pathetic pleading before Joseph, and goes far to countenance

the suggestion that a change must have taken place in his inner life since the

incidents recorded of him in Genesis 37, and 38.

 

11 “And their father Israel said unto them, If it must be so now, do this; take

of the best fruits in the land in your vessels, and carry down the man a present,

a little balm, and a little honey, spices, and myrrh, nuts, and almonds:

And their father Israel said unto them, If it must be so now (literally, if so now),

do this; take of the best fruits in the land (literally, of the song of the land, i.e.

of its choicest and most praised productions) in your vessels, and carry down the

man a present. That Jacob could propose to send a handsome present of rich

fruits to the Egyptian viceroy has been regarded as inconsistent with the prevalence

of a famine in the land of Canaan for over two or three years (Bohlen); but

 

(1) the failure of the cereal crops does not necessarily imply a like absence of fruit, and

 

(2) it does not follow that, though Jacob selected the under-mentioned articles for his

     gift, they existed in abundance, while

 

(3) if the fruit harvest was small, an offering such as is here described would only be

     all the more luxuriant and valuable on that account (Kurtz, Kalisch).

 

A little balm, - balsam (see ch. 37:25) - and a little honey, - דְּבַשׁ, grape honey,

called by the Arabians dibs, and the Persians dushab, was prepared by boiling

down must or new wine to a third or half; hence called by the Greeks ἕψημα

hepsaemawhat can be boiled, and by the Romans sapa, defrutum. It is still

imported into Egypt from the district of Hebron. That it was not the honey of

bees, μέλιmelihoney (Septuagint), meg (Vulgate), is rendered probable by

the circumstance that Egypt abounds in this excellent production of nature

(see Michaelis, Suppl., p. 391) - spices, and myrrh (see ch. 37:25), nuts, -

בָּטְנִים, an oblong species of nut, so called from its being flat on one side and

bellying out on the other (the pistacia vera of Linnaeus), having an oily kernel

which is most palatable to Orientals - and almonds. The שָׁקֵד or almond tree,

so called because of all trees it is the first to arouse from the sleep of winter,

the root being שָׁקָד, to be sleepless, (Gesenius), does not seem to have been

indigenous in Egypt, while it flourishes in Syria and Palestine (Kalisch).

 

12 “And take double money in your hand; and the money that was brought

again in the mouth of your sacks, carry it again in your hand; peradventure

it was an oversight:”  And take double money (literally, money of a second, i.e.

of the same, amount; not twice as much as the first time, but simply as much as

the first time) in your hand; and the money that was brought again (or returned)

in the mouth of your sacks, carry it again in your hand; peradventure it was an

oversight (literally, a something caused to wander, a mistake, from a root signifying

to go astray).

 

13 “Take also your brother, and arise, go again unto the man: 

14 And God Almighty give you mercy before the man, that he may send away

your other brother, and Benjamin. If I be bereaved of my children, I am

bereaved.”  Take also your brother, and arise, go again unto the man: and

God Almighty - El Shaddai, the covenant God of Abraham (ch.17:1),

and of Jacob himself (ch. 35:11) - give you mercy (literally, bowels, hence

very tender affection, the inward parts being regarded as the seat of the

emotions) before the man, that he may send away - literally, and he shall

send with you (Kalisch), or for you (Keil) - your other brother, and Benjamin.

If I be bereaved of my children, I am bereaved - literally, and if I am bereaved,

I am bereaved, an expression of the patriarch's acquiescence in the Divine will

(compare II Kings 7:4; Esther 4:16).

 

15 And the men took that present, and they took double money in their hand,

and Benjamin; and rose up, and went down to Egypt, and stood before Joseph.”

And the men took that present (which Jacob had specified), and they took double

money (literally, a doubling of the money, i.e. the first money, and as much again

for the new purchase; the phrase is different from that used in v. 12, though 16 the

words are the same) in their hand, and Benjamin (so. they took with them);

and rose up, and went down to Egypt, and stood before Joseph (i.e. in the

corn-market).

 

16 “And when Joseph saw Benjamin with them, he said to the ruler of his

house, Bring these men home, and slay, and make ready; for these men

shall dine with me at noon.” And when (literally, and) Joseph saw Benjamin

with them, he -  literally, and he) said to the ruler of his house, - literally, to

him who was over his house, i.e. the steward (compare ch. 24:2; 39:4;  44:1) –

Bring these men home (i.e. conduct these men to my house, which was probably

at some distance), and slay, - literally, slay a slaughter. The assertion that the

narrator is here guilty of an inaccuracy in representing Joseph as having animal

food prepared for himself and his guests (Bohlen) is refuted by Herodotus

(2:37, 40) and by Wilkinson ('Ancient Egyptians,' vol. 2. Genesis 7. pp. 22, 23,

ed. 1878), who says that "beef and goose constituted the principal part of the

animal food throughout Egypt," and that according to the sculptures "a considerable

quantity of meat was served up at those repasts to which strangers were invited.'

"Though there was scarcely an animal which was not held sacred in some province,

there was, perhaps with the only exception of the cow, none which' was not killed

and eaten in other parts of the land" (Kalisch) - and make ready; for these men

shall dine with me at noon - literally, at the double lights (צָךהרַים), i.e. at mid-day,

the time of greatest splendor.

 

17 “And the man did as Joseph bade; and the man brought the men into Joseph's

house.  18 And the men were afraid, because they were brought into Joseph's

house; and they said, Because of the money that was returned in our sacks at

the first time are we brought in; that he may seek occasion against us, and fall

upon us, and take us for bondmen, and our asses.”  And the man did as Joseph

bade; and the man brought the men into Joseph's house. And the men were afraid,

because they were brought into Joseph's house. "A more natural picture of the

conduct of men from the country, when taken into the house of a superior, cannot

be drawn. When they are told to go inside they at once suspect that they are about

to be punished or confined (Roberts 'Oriental Illustrations,' p. 49). And they said

(to themselves), Because of the money that was returned in our sacks at the first

time are we brought in; that he may seek occasion against us, - literally, that he

may roll himself upon us (compare Job 30:14; Psalm 22:8; 37:5; Proverbs 16:3).

"To say a man rolls himself upon another is the Eastern way of saying he falls

upon him" (Roberts' 'Oriental Illustrations,' p. 49) and fall upon us, and take us

for bondmen, and our asses. The brethren of Joseph were clearly apprehensive

of some serious stratagem to deprive them of liberty.

 

 

 

Distrust the Fruit of Sin (V. 18)

 

Why should they be afraid? The invitation was an honor not unusual.

Abraham was received at Pharaoh’s court (ch. 12:15). And the

brethren were evidently people of large possessions with a considerable

retinue, as they were to carry food for so many; and they had brought the

proof required that they were true men. Had Joseph intended to do them

harm he might have done it before. It was conscious guilt that made them

fear. What they had done to their brother suggested similar treatment being

meted to them. Perhaps they had almost forgotten it. But God left not

Himself without witness to bring their sin to remembrance. The stain of sin

on the conscience IS INDELIBLE.  Time cannot remove it. Occupation may

turN the thoughts from it, but it returns again and again. The act of wrong may

be little thought of at the time. Only afterwards is it felt that it cannot be

undone (compare I Corinthians 15:9). This explains the attitude of so many

toward God. Why is there such slowness to receive the gospel just as it is

offered? When men are bidden to their brother’s table; when His will is

declared they shall sup with me (compare Revelation 3:20), why is there such

shrinking as if they were being led into danger; as if God were laying some

obligation on them which they cannot fulfill, to bring them into bondage for

ever? It is because of sin in the heart; perhaps unfelt, unthought of; but it is

there, the fact of a self-chosen life. And if these are invited to closer

communion with God, straightway they are afraid; suspicious of God. And

hence, when the gospel invitation is pressed, and the Lamb of God held up,

and the power of the blood of Christ and the welcome for all proclaimed,

and they are bidden to trust, to accept salvation, men try to fortify their

position: “O sir, we have done this or that (compare Matthew 7:22-23; 18:26),

clinging to distrust instead of striving against it.

 

  • THIS DISTRUST AND SUSPICION OF GOD ARISES FROM .THE

PRESENCE OF SIN NOT FULLY RECOGNIZED AS SIN; while the

man is still trying to set good deeds against bad ones, or to find excuses

for faults. It is the effect of sin before conviction by the Holy Spirit. Real

conviction brings to God (Psalm 51:4; Luke 18:13). It is unacknowledged

sin that separates.

 

  • DISTRUST IS REMOVED BY A REAL BELIEF IN THE

ATONEMENT (Hebrews 9:25), God’s plan for reconciling the sinful

to Himself (Romans 3:26). Hence this is the turning point of the

spiritual life (John 3:18); the great work (John 6:29) out of which,

as from a germ, the whole Christian life must grow.

 

19 “And they came near to the steward of Joseph's house, and they communed

with him at the door of the house,  20 And said, O sir, we came indeed down at

the first time to buy food:  21 And it came to pass, when we came to the inn,

that we opened our sacks, and, behold, every man's money was in the mouth

of his sack, our money in full weight: and we have brought it again in our hand.

22 And other money have we brought down in our hands to buy food: we cannot

tell who put our money in our sacks.”  And they came near to the steward of

Joseph's house (literally, the man who was over Joseph's house), and they communed

(or spake) with him at the door of the house (i.e. before they entered), and said, O sir, -

literally, Pray, my lord; δεόμεθα κύριε deometha kurieoh, my lord  (Septuagint)

we came indeed down at the first time to buy food: and it came to pass, when we

came to the inn, - or halting-place (see ch. 42:27) - that we opened our sacks, -

this was not strictly accurate, as only one sack had been opened at the wayside

khan, while the others were not examined till they had reached home; though,

as an explanation of the difficulty, it has been suggested (see Keil's 'Introduction,

' vol. 1. p. 109, note by Prof. Douglas) that all the sacks may have been, and

probably were, opened at the inn, but that only one man found his money in his

sack's mouth, as the next clause explains - and, behold, every man's money was

in the mouth of his sack, - literally, a man's money in the mouth of his sack, i.e.

one of them found his money there, while the others discovered their money,

which was not "in the sack's mouth," but "in the sack" (ibid. v. 35), only on

emptying their sacks at home - our money in full weight (literally, according

to its weight): and we have brought it again in our hand. And other money

(i.e. the second silver of v. 12) have we brought down in our hands to buy food:

we cannot tell who put our money in our sacks.

 

23 “And he said, Peace be to you, fear not: your God, and the God of your

father, hath given you treasure in your sacks: I had your money. And he

brought Simeon out unto them.”  And he said, Peace be to you, fear not: your God

(Elohim), and the God of your father, - an indication that Joseph's steward had

been taught to fear and trust the God of the Hebrews (Wordsworth, Murphy) –

hath given you treasure in your sacks: I had your money (literally, your money

came to me). And he brought Simeon out unto them.

 

24 “And the man brought the men into Joseph's house, and gave them water,

and they washed their feet; and he gave their asses provender.”

And the man (Joseph's steward) brought the men into Joseph's house, and

gave them water, and they washed their feet (compare ch. 18:4; 24:32);

and he gave their asses provender.

 

25 “And they made ready the present against Joseph came at noon:

for they heard that they should eat bread there.”  This must have been

communicated to them after they had entered Joseph's palace, since they had

obviously not learned it upon the way thither (see above on v. 18).

 

26 “And when Joseph came home, they brought him the present which was

in their hand into the house, and bowed themselves to him to the earth.”

And when Joseph came home (after the dispatch of public business), they brought

him the present which was in their hand (see v. 11) into the house, and bowed

themselves to him to the earth. Thus they fulfilled the dream of the sheaves

(ch. 37:7; compare 18:2; ch. 19:1).

 

27 “And he asked them of their welfare, and said, Is your father well, the old

man of whom ye spake? Is he yet alive?   28 And they answered, Thy servant

our father is in good health, he is yet alive. And they bowed down their heads,

and made obeisance.  29 And he lifted up his eyes, and saw his brother Benjamin,

his mother's son, and said, Is this your younger brother, of whom ye spake unto

me? And he said, God be gracious unto thee, my son.”  And he said (without

waiting for an answer), God be gracious unto thee, my son. The tenderness of

this language was much fitted to encourage the brethren.

 

30 “And Joseph made haste; for his bowels did yearn upon his brother:

and he sought where to weep; and he entered into his chamber, and

wept there.”  And Joseph made haste; for his bowels did yearn (literally,

were becoming warm, from intensity of love) upon his brother: and he sought

where to weep; - the second occasion on which Joseph is represented as overcome

by the strength of his inward emotion, the first having been when his brethren

were speaking about their cruelty towards himself (ch. 42:24) - and he entered

into his chamber, and wept there.

 

31 “And he washed his face, and went out, and refrained himself, and said, Set

on bread.”  And he washed his face (an indication of the violence of his weeping),

and went out (from his chamber), and refrained himself (keeping his tears in check),

and said, Set on bread - an expression used at the present day in Egypt for bringing

dinner (Wilkinson, 'Ancient Egyptians,' vol. 2. p. 41, ed. 1878).

 

32 “And they set on for him by himself, and for them by themselves, and for

the Egyptians, which did eat with him, by themselves: because the Egyptians

might not eat bread with the Hebrews; for that is an abomination unto the

Egyptians.”  And they set on for him by himself, and for them by themselves,

and for the Egyptians, which did eat with him, by themselves. "Joseph eats

apart from his brethren, keeping strictly to the Egyptian mode; and the history

does not omit to remark that in this point he adhered to the custom of the country"

(Havernick, 21). Because the Egyptians might not eat bread with the Hebrews.

Herodotus (2:41) affirms that the Egyptians would neither use the knife, spit, or

basin of a Grecian, nor taste the flesh of a clean cow if it happened to be cut with

a Grecian knife. For that is an abomination unto the Egyptians. The reason for

this separation from foreigners being that they dreaded being polluted by such

as killed and ate cows, which animals were held in high veneration in Egypt.

 

33 “And they sat before him, the firstborn according to his birthright, and

the youngest according to his youth: and the men marveled one at another.”

And they sat before him, - that the Egyptians sat at meals is in exact accordance

with the representations on the monuments, in which they are never exhibited as

reposing on couches, but always as seated round a circular table resembling the

mono-podium of the Romans (vide Wilkinson, 'Ancient Egyptians,' vol. 2. pp. 40-41,

with Dr. Bitch's note; Hengetenberg's 'Egypt and the Books of Moses,' Genesis 1.

p. 38) - the firstborn according to his birthright, and the youngest according to

his youth: and the men marveled one at another - probably thinking that Joseph

must have been supernaturally enlightened to discover so exactly the ages of

strangers.

 

34 “And he took and sent messes unto them from before him: but Benjamin's

mess was five times so much as any of theirs. And they drank, and were merry

with him.”  And he took and sent (literally, and he sent) messes - maseoth, from nasa,

to take or lift up, i.e. things taken or lifted up, hence portions or gifts (II Samuel 11:8) –

unto them from before him (compare I Samuel 9:23). The practice of thus honoring

guests was also observed among other nations (vide 'Iliad,' 7:321). But Benjamin's

mess (or portion) was five times so much as any of theirs - literally, exceeded the

portions of all of them five hands, i.e. five times. Herodotus (6:57) mentions that

among the Spartans the king received a double portion. The unusually large

portion assigned to Benjamin was designed as an expression of his strong

fraternal affection, and perhaps also as a test of his brethren to ascertain if they

were now free from that spirit of envy which had prompted their former cruelty

to him. And they drank, and were merry with him - literally, and drank largely

with him. Though the verb שָׁכַר sometimes signifies to drink to the full

(Haggai 1:6; Song of Solomon 5:1), and though intoxication was not unusual

at Egyptian entertainments, there is no reason to suppose that either Joseph or

his brethren were inebriated (Vulgate, Alford), or that more is meant than simply

that their hearts became exhilarated "because their cares were dissipated by the

kindness they were receiving, the presence of Simeon, and the attention paid to

Benjamin" (Murphy).

 

 

 

           The Second Visit of Joseph’s Brethren to Egypt (vs. 1-34)

 

  • THE SCENE IN JACOB’S HOUSE AT HEBRON (vs. 1-15).

 

Ø      The second journey proposed. Go again, buy us a little food.” It was

necessitated by the long continuance of the famine, and the complete

consumption of the corn they had brought from Egypt on the previous

occasion.

 

Ø      The second journey agreed on.

 

o        The difficulty started. As explained by Judah, it was useless to go to

Egypt unless accompanied by Benjamin, since the governor had

solemnly protested and sworn that without him they should not only

not obtain a grain of corn, but they should not even be admitted to his

presence. But to speak of taking Benjamin to Egypt, as Jacob had

already testified, and now again declared, was like driving a dagger

into the old man’s heart. As he hinks of it he can hardly forbear

reproaching his stalwart sons for having eaped upon him one more

unkindness in even mentioning the fact of Benjamin’s existence.

 

o        The difficulty removed. Skillfully the eloquent Judah reasons with his

aged sire, first pointing out that it was only in reply to the grand vizier’s

interrogations that they had referred to Benjamin at, all, that, not

suspecting any sinister motives on the part of their noble questioner,

they had never dreamed of attempting concealment or evasion in their

answers; urging the imperative necessity for Benjamin’s going down

with them if either they or their little ones were to be kept from

starvation, solemnly engaging to be surety for the safe convoy of the

beloved youth, and lastly delicately hinting that but for the delay

occasioned by his (their father’s) reluctance they might have been

to Egypt and back since he first spoke of their going.

 

Ø      The second journey prepared for (vs. 11-13). Since it was inevitable

that Benjamin must go, Jacob recommended them along with him to

take:

 

o        a present in their vessels for the great man whose favor they desired

to secure;

 

o        second money, or money for the purchase of the grain they wished,

to show that they came not as beggars, but as buyers;

 

o        the silver that had been returned in their sacks, to prove that they were

honest, and regarded the matter simply as an oversight. It is well always

to put the best construction on a dubious matter, and in particular to let

not our good be evil spoken of.

 

Ø      The second journey began (vs. 14-15). Listening to their father’s

prayer, — “God Almighty give you mercy before the man,”

witnessing their father’s sorrowful resignation, — “If I be bereaved

I am bereaved,”— and observing faithfully their father’s instructions,

carrying a present of “the song of the land” and double money in their

hands, the men rose up and went down to Egypt.

 

Ø      The second journey completed (v. 15). In the providence of God they

reached the land of Egypt and stood before Joseph. It is a special mercy

to travelers when, escaping all the perils of the way, they arrive at their

desired destinations in peace.  (To which we can attest as we are

living in a day of which Daniel prophesied:  “many shall run to and

fro– Daniel 12:4 – CY – 2018)

 

  • THE SCENE IN JOSEPH’S HOUSE IN EGYPT (vs. 16-34).

 

Ø      The reception of the brethren (vs. 16-17). Scarcely had the brethren

arrived at the public mart than they were observed by Joseph. Directing

his eyes eagerly in search of Benjamin, he is gratified by noticing that

he has not been left behind. Preserving as before his incognito, he gives

instructions to his steward to convey them to his palace, and prepare a

dinner for him and them at the hour of noon.

 

Ø      The apprehensions of the brethren (vs. 18-24).

 

o        The nature of them. They feared lest Joseph was only seeking

occasion to fall upon them and take them for bondmen.

 

o        The ground of them. This was the money which had been discovered

in their sacks, and for which as they imagined they were now being

arrested.

 

o        The expression of them. Without directly saying what they dreaded,

they begin to deprecate the wrath of the steward, and to offer

explanations concerning the money (vs. 20-22).

 

o        The removal of them. Although the steward was not yet aware that the

strangers were his master’s brethren, he was perfectly cognizant of their

innocence in the matter of the money, and of his master’s desire to show

them kindness. Accordingly he seeks to reassure them by encouraging

them to dismiss their apprehensions — “Peace be to you fear not;” by

telling them to regard the treasure in their sacks as a Divine gift, since

it was indubitable that he had received their money — “Your God hath

given you treasure in your sacks: I had your money;” by producing

Simeon before them, no doubt in the enjoyment of perfect health and

happiness “and he brought Simeon out unto them;” by exercising

towards them the rights of hospitality — “the man gave them water,

and they washed their feet;” and by providing for the wants of their

beasts“and he gave their asses provender.”

 

Ø      The homage of the brethren (vs. 25-31).

 

o        Its presentation: with precious gifts — the delicacies of the land of

Canaan; with dutiful obeisance — “they bowed themselves to him

to the earth.”

 

o        Its acceptance; which was indicated by the friendly inquiries of the

governor“Is your father well, the old man of whom ye spake?

Is he yet alive?” “Is this your younger brother, of whom ye spake

unto me?” by the warm,, benediction, he pronounced on Benjamin

“God be gracious unto thee, my son;” by the rising emotion

which he could with difficulty repress “his bowels did yearn

upon his brother, and he sought where to weep;” and by the

order which he issued to his servants — “Set on bread.”

 

Ø      The entertainment of the brethren.

 

o        The separation of the guests, first from the host, and then from one

another, the Egyptians from the Canaanites, and both from Joseph, the

reason being that the Egyptians might not eat with foreigners in case of

contracting pollution.

 

o        The order of the brethren, each being arranged before the governor

in accordance with their ages, a circumstance which appears to have

simultaneously evoked their wonder — “and the men marveled one

at another.”

 

o        The portions from the host, one to each of the nine oldest, and five to

the youngest, which were designed as marks of special favor.

 

o        The hilarity of the company. The fears of the brethren disappearing,

and their enjoyment rising, as they talked and drank with the gracious

governor who had brought them to his palace.

 

 

 

Lessons of Life (vs. 1-34)

 

  • The chief lesson of this chapter is THE MINGLING TOGETHER OF

THE PROVIDENTIAL GOVERNMENT OF GOD WITH HIS

PURPOSE OF GRACE. It was part of the Divine plan that Jacob and his

family should be settled for a long period in Egypt. It could only be

brought about by the transference in some way of the point of attraction to

Jacob’s heart from Canaan to the strange land. Hence Jacob” is now

Israel,” reminding us how the future is involved in all the events of this

time. Judah is the chief agent in this matter. The very names are

significant of Divine promises — Judah,” “Israel,” “Joseph,” “Benjamin.”

The conduct of Joseph cannot be explained except on the ground of his

inspiration. He is not acting. He is not trifling with human feelings. He is

not merely following the dictate of his own personal affections. He is,

under Divine direction, planning for the removal of his father’s house to

Egypt that the people of God may pass through their season of trial in the

house of bondage. Another point:

 

  • GOD’S BLESSING ON A TRUE HUMANITY, THE THOROUGHLY

HUMAN CHARACTER OF THE NARRATIVE. The tenderness, the

pathos, the simplicity, the truthfulness, especially in the case of Joseph

himself. How little he had been spoiled by prosperity! That is the criterion

of real greatness. The Bible histories help us to keep in mind that REAL

RELIGION does not suppress the human, but preserves and develops

all that is best and noblest in the man.

 

  • THE GRACIOUS WISDOM OF THE GOOD MAN IN HIS

CONDUCT TOWARDS OTHERS. Joseph’s dealing with his brethren

gradually preparing their minds for the great announcement which was

soon to be made. Both his kindness to them and his particular inquiries

after Jacob, and affectionate salute of Benjamin, must have roused their

curiosity and disarmed their terrors. As they “drank and were merry” with

the great Egyptian ruler, and their youngest brother rejoiced in the special

mark of favor, which was favor to all, they must have felt the bondage of

their previous apprehensions slipping away from them, and have

anticipated some good thing in preparation for them. Moreover, there may

have been the intention working in Joseph’s mind of accustoming the

Egyptians to the sight of those Hebrew people, and so opening the way to

their subsequent elevation when as his brethren he should settle them in

Goshen. There was great wisdom in all this lingering in divulging the great

secret.

 

  • THE MARK OF FAITH IS A SINGLE EYE TO GOD’S GLORY.

We should endeavor to blend the personal with the larger interests of

God’s kingdom, Family life should be based upon religious foundations.

 

 

 

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